iago psychoanalytically motivated,

Some students show high motivations when they come to school where as other students do not show such degree of motivation and are found to be reluctant during their classroom lessons. .bring this monstrous birth to the worlds light (I, iii 446-447). He is also equated to a spinster, an unmarried woman, which further emasculates him. These eight references to money in the one monologue could actually be a metaphor inspiring the hapless lover to become more confident, but Iago admits to the audience that he makes such a snipe but for my sport and profit. His evil creation isready to burst into flames, it is engendered. from your Reading List will also remove any assume youre on board with our, Character of Iago in Shakespeares Othello Character Analysis. An unintelligent Iago may enjoy watching trees ablaze and seething, rather than men. Perhaps this fear was inspired by Cassios bold show of courtesy with Emilia when he kisses her in the previous scene. This is very deliberate:With his inferiors (Roderigo and Emilia) Iago can afford to be less circumspect and selfless. As a black man, even if he was the general, falling in love with Desdemona goes against the traditional 16th century Venice notions. Registration number: 16320965. This idea enrages Iago, and his ultimate goal becomes to isolate Othello from everyone else through manipulation in order to earn his superiors utter attention and admiration. Iago prepares and ignites hisvictims and then watches, with an excitable evil in his eye, as his humanpyres go up in flames. And, as do most skillful pyromaniacs, Iago first prepares his most important target, Othello: Though in the trade of war I have slain men, \ Yet do I hold it verystuff oth conscience To do no contrived murder. Iago, always the careful pyromaniac, successfully pours his fuel of deceptiveness onto the victims before he lights his match. Iago is resentful of the lack of recognition he has received from his society. Privacy Policy In this sense, I would agree with Coleridge that Iago is motive-hunting. He is simply displaying these motives for our benefit. People. Current issues are available through the Scholarly Publishing Collective. Iago must first make careful preparations in order to make certain his fire of human destruction will burn with fury and rage. Iago pretends to be Cassiosgood-old-drinking-buddy, but actually intends to embarrass him. This shows how Iago can make himself even more influential then Othello.Iago is lonely and in pain. INTRODUCTION. His justification for killing her is voiced just moments before the crime: Yet she must die, else shell betray more men (5.2.6). Hence, the passing of promotion, in my opinion, is the core motivation of Iago's animosity against Othello and Cassio. This item is part of a JSTOR Collection. Iago undeniably has an unquenchable thirst for power and domination. His exchange with Roderigo reveals that the villain is a self-serving and materialistic cynic. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, the famous writer, scholar and opium addict, described Iago as a motiveless malignity a character who maliciously spreads falsehoods and rumours because he is thoroughly evil. The Moors marriage is demonstrative of romantic love and is notably different from his relationship with Iago. O heaven! Othello tries to kill Iago but he cannot kill thee (V, ii337). The play is centered around a military environment, which puts emphasis on traditional indications of masculinity such as physical prowess and belligerent disposition. We often see Iago trying to convince himself of these motives, For that I do suspect the lusty Moor.. . Iago starts off by simply implying that he merely suspect(s) Othello of adultery. Iago - Othello's disloyal standard-bearer and the villain of the play. (Rowse 271) . Iago is trying to justify his revenge in these throwaway lines, but the sexual jealousy motive is unconvincing. Thomas Rymer (1693), one of the earliest and most negative critics, has criticized the play for being unrealistic; he was disappointed that the story did not provide its audience with satisfactory morals. He has developed a resentment for women as a result of his stark loyalty to masculinity. At the end of Act I, scene iii, Iago says he thinks . Get your paper done in as fast as 3 hours, 24/7. Heaven for Iago is Hell. . Iagos misogyny can also be attributed to the fact that marriage is a betrayal of the homosocial bond that being in the military curated. Othello is a play, not a story comparable to realistic human morals. He wants others to suffer like he is suffering, he does this be degrading those he despises, and making those who are superior to him look like fools. From scene 1 Iago says "I know my price, I am worth no worse a place . Angry at having been passed over byOthellofor promotion to the rank of lieutenant, and also because he seems to enjoy creating mayhem for its own sake, Iago develops an intricate conspiracy to ruin . Tricia Lootens; His motivation for revenge is quite clear at this point in the play. Ridley, M. R. Othello. Psychoanalytic therapy is a form of talk therapy based on Sigmund Freud's theories of psychoanalysis. Terms of Use, Is Iago Gay in Othello [Internet]. Shakespeare's unique style of perceptive writing has been superior enough to override all existing writers, especially when he depicts an essence of the 16th century lifestyle. Our mission, simply put, is to present the best scholarship on Shakespeare from his own period to the present moment. This essay could be plagiarized. 369384. He is driven to revenge by feelings of frustration and loathing. Necessity forces his hand, and, in order to destroy Othello, he must also destroy Roderigo, Emilia, Desdemona, and ultimately himself. Because Iagos actions are so evil and his lust for power is so great, they must be innate characteristics of a deranged man. During that period, reputation, respect, and, We all know Iago as the key, evil scoundrel in this treacherous and winding tragedy and Shakespeare has presented him very cleverly. You can order a unique, plagiarism-free paper written by a professional writer. In Othello by William Shakespeare, Iago deceives others, mainly Othello and Roderigo, due to his desire for revenge, an improved reputation, and power. One of the core reasons Iago was motivated to ruin Otello include his own lust for profit. As Maslow says, If we are interested in what actually motivates us and not what has or will, or might motivate us, then a satisfied need, Motivation theories are based on the understanding that motivation stems from an individual's desire to fulfill or achieve a need. He likes to have others unwittingly working to serve his purposes. Iagos villainy initially seems pointless. Iago, The line above is the very first thing that Iago says in the play. assume youre on board with our, Needs-Based Motivation Theory Compare and Contrast, Intrinsic Motivation and Its Effects Upon Academic Achievement in Middle, Motivation in the Workplace applying Maslow and Herzberg theories Sample, Personal MotivationThe Individuals View, My Motivation to Contribute to the Work of Human Rights. New, Tutor and Freelance Writer. A unintelligent Iago mayenjoy watching trees ablaze and seething, rather than men. Alternatively he might be a man who used to be honest in the past, but has decided to abandon this virtue. It looks like you're offline. It is often the case that Iagos motives are so casually tossed at us that we are made to feel he has no intention of justifying his actions. M. R. Ridley states that Iagos actions are so vulgar and evil that only an incarnate fiend could apply them (Ridley lxi). It has become familiar to millions through a diverse publishing program that includes scholarly works in all academic disciplines, bibles, music, school and college textbooks, business books, dictionaries and reference books, and academic journals. Not only is Iago concerned with how her potential infidelity could affect his reputation, but there is a deeper obsession connected to his relationship with Othello. Iago, whose over-active and intelligent mind lacks stimulation, so he turns to amusing himself with wicked mind games.Iago always seems to start off with a clear motive; he shows professional jealousy and prejudice against Cassio, a Florentine. This motivates him to disgrace the lieutenant. Get your custom essay, Dirty Pretty Things Acts of Desperation: The State of Being Desperate, Remember! match. Iago says this line to Roderigo at the start of the play as he explains that he secretly hates Othello and is plotting against him. . He is a hungry powermonger whose appetite for destruction canonly be satisfied after he has chewed up and spat out the lives of others. Iago is motivated by hate because he didn't move on from the thought that Othello is doing wrong by Desdemona.". Download Villainy is often born from jealousy, insecurity, and paranoia. Most criticism of Othello has focussed on the culpability of the two male protagonists. Iago's motivation for revenge upon Othello and Cassio is spurred by an egotistical and superior attitude; "Heaven is my judge" suggesting that he believes only God, a power recognized as the highest judgmental authority is worthy of judging his unjust actions. . Again, this motivation for revenge is plausible if the betrayals were actually true. . Iago's true motivation is never actually expressed which leaves his motives unidentified and actions impulsive. Iago is the ultimateopportunist, he knows exactly where and when to strike. He is a pressing advocate of evil, a pernicious escort, steering good people toward their own vulgar destruction. . Iago, thepyromaniac, proudly watches as Cassio goes up in flames: I have lost myreputation. Empson says that Iago is resentful because Cassio is important to Othello in a way he could never be. Specifically, it examines how your experiences (often from childhood) may be contributing to your current experience and actions. In 2.1, he spews harsh insults towards his wife by calling her naggy to Cassio, saying would she give you so much of her lips / As of her tongue she oft bestows on me / You would have enough (2.1.105-106). This was a time period when it was extremely rare to see a black man with power. Iago is driven by a sense of duty, while Ensign is motivated by jealousy. To make efficient use of these techniques, The motive procedure behind the direction squad of XXXX consists of the well-thought-of theories of Abraham Maslow and Fredrick Herzberg. . The antagonist certainly tries to justify his revenge and offers several reasons for his schemes, but Coleridge argued this was simply motive-hunting. In the first scene, he claims to be angry at Othello for having passed him over for the position of lieutenant (I.i. .out of goodness make the net\ That shall enmesh them all (II, iii 380-383). . Iago was successful in encouraging the domestic tragedy, but loses all of his masculine attributes in the process: His wife, his honest reputation, and his military position. Although he is a sophisticated villain he often gets carried away with his actions and finds it hard to know when to stop. Not only dose Iago accuse Cassio of sleeping with his wife Emilia, but he also claims Othello has done the same, twixt my sheetsdone my office. Iago lives only for the death of others. Iago was born a moral pyromaniac and will enjoy suffering as long as he lives. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Goddard insiststhat Iago exhibits dozens of the characteristics of the typical pyromaniac(Goddard 76). The villain is so vain he will not admit that his deeps feelings of inadequacy are his real motivation. Iago is a demi-devil, a pernicious caitiff, a human sphere of maliciousness who cannot be killed by hate, for hate is what he lives for (V, ii 368\375). Registered address: Tornime tn 7-26, Kesklinna linnaosa, Tallinn, Harju maakond, Estonia,10145. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/23737771. Othello and others in the play constantly refer to him as "honest Iago." Its part of Iagos characteristic to be vindictive. Social standing and combat experience were two aspects that heavily defined manhood in the time period, and they are called into question for Iago as the story unfolds. At first it looks as though Iago simply wants to take Cassios place, although as the plot thickens and Iago admits: I hate the Moor we begin to think he simply wants to get closer to Othello,Keep your friends close, but your enemies even closer (Niccolo Machiavelli, the prince).Later in Act II scene ii Iago affirms this by saying Make the moor thank me, love me, and reward me for making him (Cassio) egregiously an ass. I can understand Iagos tactics, which, for me, make his character more realistic. Iago is also eaten up with sexual jealousy. Since women were not allowed to be in the ranks, it is an exclusive attribute that the men of the play share; it also gives him a reason to call women lazy. Additionally, it would be satisfying for Iago to see his leader react with such disdain towards the man who took his promotion. Using Maslows hierarchy of demands and Herzbergs motivation-hygiene guess. . Iago concentrates on destroying Othello byturning virtue into pitch. According to Shane and Venkataraman entrepreneurship converts knowledge into marketable products. The reason is, Heroine of play is more tragic then Hero. Goodnight, honest Iago, and Desdemona who calls Iago an honest fellow(II, iii 3463555). Iagos criticism of Cassios military ability can be seen as an attack on his manhood; by calling him inept on the battlefield, he is also calling him inept in the bedroom and in romantic pursuits. Samuel Taylor Coleridge, the famous writer, scholar and opium addict, described Iago as a "motiveless malignity" - a character who maliciously spreads falsehoods and rumours because he is thoroughly evil. In Shakespeares Othello, it follows a Moorish generals internal struggle with deciphering between right and wrong. Papers provided by EduBirdie writers usually outdo students' samples. Article last reviewed: 2022 | St. Rosemary Institution 2010-2023 | Creative Commons 4.0. Request Permissions. 14, no. This highlights the fact that the male-and-male relationship takes subconscious precedence over the heterosexual relationship. Although Iago maybe evil and twisted, he is still a human. this company compounds the necessity to promote effectual productiveness of its employees to supply efficient service to consumers. The word unsatisfied is most important. Essay Service Examples Literature Iago. However, Iago is more thanjust a "moral pyromaniac," he is a moral pyromaniac whose fire is fueled bypure hatred. Removing #book# Understanding what motivates people is at the core of relating to people at all levels. Possibly the most heinous villain in Shakespeare, Iago is fascinating for his most terrible characteristic: his utter lack of convincing motivation for his actions. Ones social class was of great significance during the Elizabethan Era, when Shakespeare wrote Othello. Iagos motivation is not a motivationat all, it is a disease; a disease that can only be cured in Hell. Without a doubt, this first line reveals that he, In the opening scene, the play's villain, Iago, openly declares his type of character, his intentions and his motivations. .he prated And spoke such scurvy and provoking terms Against your Honor (I, ii 1-10). By instilling this insecurity into Othello, Iago becomes the catalyst to the plays domestic tragedy: Othello murdering Desdemona and betraying their marriage. In spite of all that modern critics have said on Tragedy, the definition of tragedy in the Poetics still remains the best. Iago keeps the audience up to date with his plans,Myself awhile to draw the moor apart/And bring him jump when he may Cassio find soliciting/his wife.This shows Iago rational and sane enough to think strategically. Shakespeare, William. Scene One is the most of import because it foreshadows the whole play. The study of the successful entrepreneurship is important for several reasons: Schumpeter, 1934, described entrepreneurship as the engine that drives innovation and change, and subsequently economic growth. It is evident that Othello has complete faith inIagos claims as he states thourt full of love and honesty and O brave Iago,honest and just (III, iii 136IV, i 34). The Watergate Scandal: Summary & Significance, The Chimney Sweeper: Songs of Innocence and of Experience, Eric Walters Shattered: Characters & Analysis, Rhetoric Analysis I Want a Wife by Judy Brady, Gender Roles inTriflesby Susan Glaspell, Tone and Point of View in A Rose for Emily by William Faulkner. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. lx-lxiii. Iago concentrates on destroying Othello by turning virtue into pitch\. What is in Roderigo is lust and a desire to have Desdemona at all costs. Hell and night. Whether or not Shakespeare intended to keep Iagos objective the same, he has defiantly given the character reason to feel hostile towards the Moor. These sentences are obvious lies (to the reader), but they are crucial to thesaboteur because they present Iago to Othello as a brave, loyal, and moralperson. We pay $$$ and it takes seconds! I think Shakespeare gives us a full picture of what sort of a character Iago is, so that we are, William Shakespeare, the greatest writer of all times, portrays a fictional tragedy in the novel Othello when the truth about the characters prevails. Iago works him by convincing him that his money (along with Iago's . There always seems to be a gap between what Iago does and the reasons he offers for doing it. I think a queer kind of honesty is maintained in Iago through all the puzzles he contrivesTo Rodrigo, he displays his true feelings sincerely. I would say that Iago has motivation against his society. .he prated\ And spoke such scurvy and provoking terms\ Against your Honor (I, ii 1-10). Iago,always the careful pyromaniac, successfully pours his fuel of deceptivenessonto the victims before he lights his match. I follow him to serve my turn upon him. In (1.3.369-370), he exclaims, 'it is thought.. twixt my sheets . Iago completes his mission as a amateur pyromaniac, he has scorched hisfirst piece of furniture, but now he must become a professional arsonist andburn down the entire house. Iago must first make careful preparations in order to make certain his fireof human destruction will burn with fury and rage. Iago pretends to be so loyal as to be tempted to kill any slanderer of Othello. He is quite or nearly indifferent to his own fate as to that of others; he runs all risks for a trifling and doubtful advantage, and is himself the dupe and victim of ruling passion an insatiable craving after action of the most difficult and dangerous kind. He also admits he is envious of the daily beauty in Cassios life. As long as Iagoexists on earth, there will always be another house to burn, another life toinflame. I lack the iniquity. I AGO PSYCHOANALYTICALLY MOTIVATED Stanley Edgar Hyman In a pluralist attack on the problem of what Coleridge called Iago's "motiveless malignity," the question of his moti vation can be asked in many different critical vocabularies, and each will get an answer in its own terms, however partial The one man who survived Iago's attempt to kill him, Cassio, is the only major character . Critics such as M. R. Ridley believe that the ability to hurt is the most convincing display of ones power (Ridley lxi). Iago shows signs of fixed mindset. A dull-witted Iago might light fires in forests, rather than in the minds of men. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959. lx-lxiii. to help you write a unique paper. Iagos actions throughout the story function as a sick and twisted seduction of Othello in order to tear him away from Desdemona. Critics such as M. R. Ridley believe that the ability to hurt is the mostconvincing display of ones power (Ridley lxi). Competition for a military position is a more masculine depiction of a love triangle; although attached to glory and an improved reputation, the true stakes of the promotion is Othellos admiration. Aristotle said that Tragedy is a form of drama exciting the emotions of pity and fear. Chicago: University ofChicago Press, 1960. He wants to destroy Othello but to do this he has to work his way up. Feeling terribly aggrieved, Iago says I follow him to serve my turn upon him. Personally I believe some critics overlook their main objective and become too critical. 2023 EduBirdie.com. proofs as Iago offers rhetorical evidence of Desdemona's infidelity that Othello internalizes as concrete. Othello makes this promise by saying, I greet thy love / Not with vain thanks but with acceptance bounteous / And will upon the instant put thee tot (3.3.463-465). OUP is the world's largest university press with the widest global presence. His inner fire is fueled byhatred and blood. Iago is the opposite of God, that is, he is the Devil. Thus a company should never forgo an opportunity to boost the motivation of its employees using a wide variety of tools available for this purpose, including monetary and non-monetary stimuli. Iago in this play, has the qualities of the Devil in medieval and Renaissance morality plays: He is a liar, he makes promises he has no intention of keeping, he tells fancy stories in order to trap people and lead them to their destruction, and he sees other's greatest vulnerabilities and uses these to destroy them. . Iago is like a chameleon, with his continual changing between pose and verse, modifying and adapting his style to suit his different audience and purpose. What made that job unique and special? The ultimate goal of Iago and of every "moral pyromaniac" is to crush the spirits of others and to corrupt all that is virtuous. The approach explores how the unconscious mind influences your thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. 1. "Self-love" in asserting its sepa- Harmonizing to Keogh ( 2003 ) .Motivation is, Introduction Although Iago is successful in tarnishing Cassios reputation and getting him demoted, the threat still lingers when Othello admits to still loving Cassio, even after the slip-up in his behavior. The essays in our published pages span the field, including scholarship about new media and early modern race, textual and theater history, ecocritical and posthuman approaches, psychoanalytic and other theories, and archival and historicist work. Shakespeare shifts the action from Venice to Cyprus. Throughout the play, Iago's soliloquies disclose to the audience what he does not reveal to the other characters as his plans take shape. Notice how both allegations begin with the conjunction for. Harold Goddard believes that if Iago were of less intelligence, he would have been a true pyromaniac (Goddard 76). Iago's Motivation. 75-76. Then he kills himself because he realizes her innocence. Unexpectedly, Iago's promotion was passed to a strategist, Michael Cassio. Published for the Folger Shakespeare Library by Oxford University Press, SQ is peer-reviewed and extremely selective. He isinflicted with moral pyromania and is driven by an inborn urge to disgraceand demolish mankind. Ensign's plot only involves the Moor, while Iago plots to trick Cassio, the Captain. Iago. Iago douses more dishonesty ontoother characters such as Cassio who trusts Iago: You advise me well. In reference to his second soliloquy at the end of Act 1, Samuel Taylor Coleridge asserts that Iago is a "being next to the devil", deeming his monologues to be "the motive hunting of motiveless .
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